Process for producing luster effects on textiles



July 15, 1941.

J. A. WAINWRIGHT ET AL PROCESS'FOR PRODUCING LUSTER EFFECTS ON TEXTILESFiled April 25, 1959 UTA-WAINWRIGHT I ALLAN I NVENTORS rm ATT'URNEYSPatented July 15, 1941 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LUSTER EFFECTS ON TEXTILESJames Arthur Wainwright and John Allan, Spondon, near Derby, England,assignors to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of DelawareApplication April 25, 1939, Serial No. 269,872

In Great Britain May 9, 1938 Claims.

cally applying to the textile material a substance which willprecipitate albumen and applying to the textile material a compositioncontaining albumen, a pigment and a dyestufi which has affinity. for thetextile material, and thereafter fixing the albumen on at least part ofthose portions of the textile material to which the precipitant foralbumen was not applied. According to a modification of the inventionvaluable efiects may be produced by applying .to a textile material acomposition containing albumen and a pigment but free from dyestufi'shaving affinity for the textile material, then locally applyin to thetextile material a substance which will precipitate albumen, andthereafter fixing the albumen on at least part of those portions of thetextile material to which the precipitant for albumen was not applied.Particularly valuable results according to the invention may be obtainedby applying both the precipitant composition and the pigment compositionby printing, the design in which the pigment composition is appliedbeing difierent from and in part overlapping that in which theprecipitant composition is applied.

The precipitant for albumen acts as a resist so that the pigment isfixed on the .textile material'only on those portions of the textilematerial to which the precipitant for albumen is not applied. Thefixation of the pigment is due to the fixation of the albumen, thealbumen being converted to an insoluble envelope which surrounds the plment particles and which is itself firmly fixed to the .textflematerial. However, on those portions of the textile material to whichthe precipitant for albumen is applied, the albumen in the pigmentcomposition is precipitated in a form which is non-adherent to thetextile material and for this reason-does not fix the pigment on thefibre. The unfixed pigment onthese portions of the textile material mayreadily be removed by a scouring treatment.

Surprisingly, however, although .the pigment is thus prevented frombeing fixed on the fibre by the application of the precipitant for albu--men dyestufl present in the pigment composition is not so prevented,even when the precipitant is applied before .the pigment composition,with the result that the dyestuif colours the textile material over thewhole of such portions of the textile material to which it is applied,i. e., it colours both the portions to which the precipitant for albumenis applied and the portions to which the precipitant for albumen is notapplied.

The resulting fabric there-fore carries a pigmented design superimposedon the design in which the precipitant for albumen is applied, and, whena pigment composition containing a dyestufi is employed, is eithercoloured all over its surface or carries a coloured design which is thedesign in which the pigment composition is applied.

Particularly valuable effects may be produced according to the processof this invention by employing a white pigment and applying the processto lustrous fabrics, e. g., fabrics containing yarns of celluloseacetate or other organic derivatives of cellulose, since in this waythere may be obtained fabrics which carry a (pig- 'mented) design ofdull luster against a lustrous field, both the portions of dull lusterand those of bright luster being coloured.

Suitable precipitants for albumen which may be applied locally to thetextile materials are citric acid, tartaric acid, zinc sulphate andammonium nitrate. Such precipitants will, in general, be applied byprinting thickened solutions thereof on the textile material. Suitablethickening agents are, for example, gum tragon, British gum, locust beanthickening and water-soluble high viscosity hydroxyethyl ethers ofcellulose as described in U. S. specification No. 195,- 579 filed March12, 1938. If desired, colouring matters having afflnity for the textilematerial may be incorporated in the precipitant composition. By thismeans, if the same colouring matter is employed in the pigmentcomposition as in the precipitant composition, there may be obtainedlighter shades in pigmented areascontrasting with deeper shades in theareas remaining' free from pigment or, if difierent colouring mattersare employed in the two compositions, pigmented and non-pigmented areaswhich differ in colour may be produced.

As white pigments there may be employed titanium dioxide, bariumsulphate, lithopone and similar substances. employed if desired in placeof or in addition to white pigments. The dyestufi employed must,

Coloured pigments may be as stated above, have aflinity for the textilematerial treated. Dyestuffs having afl'inity for cellulose acetatematerials may be of the aminoanthraquinone series. the am series or thenitrodiarylamine series. The dyestuffs in general which are marketedunder the trade name S. R. A. are especially suitable for the treatmentof cellulose acetate materials. v,

The fixation of the albumen on the portions of the textile material towhich the precipitant for albumen is not applied may be effected byheating the materials, preferably by a steaming operation at atmosphericor superatmospheric pressure. If the pigment composition is appliedbefore the precipitant composition, the fabric must not be heated-between the application of the two compositions. obtain a design indull luster on a lustrous cellulose acetate fabric, it is important thatthe fixing treatment should not dull the luster of those portions ofsuch fabric to which the pigment is not xed. A suitable steamingoperation in these circumstances is one effected at atmosphericpressure.

As a modification of the process there may be employed in the pigmentcomposition, instead of a dyestuff having affinity for the textilematerials, a compound which though not itself a dyestuff is capable ofbeing readily converted to a dyestuff on the materials, Thus the pigmentcomposition may contain a component of an azo dyestuii, a leucoderivative of a vat dyestuif or an ester of a leuco derivative of a vatdyestutf, and the conversion to the final dyestufi on the materialsefiected as a subsequent operation.

While the invention has been described with particular reference to thetreatment of cellulose acetate materials and materials having a basis ofother organic derivatives of cellulose, it will be appreciated that itmay also be applied to the treatment of other materials, e. g.regenerated cellulose materials, silk, cotton or Wool.

The following examples illustrate the invention:

EXAMPLE 1 (a) A cellulose acetate satin fabric is printed locally with aprecipitant composition comprising 20 parts by weight of, tartaric acidand 80 parts by weight of a aqueous solution of gum tragon, and thefabric is dried. The fabric is then printed in a different design and sothat parts of the two designs overlap. with the following pigmentcomposition:

Parts by weight 10% aqueous paste of a-(fl-hydroxyethyl)aminoanthraquinone 1 Aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxide containing50% of titanium dioxide 30 Aqueous album-en containing 50% of albumen 201% aqueous solution of gum tragon 49 EXAMPLE 1 (b)- A cellulose acetatesatin fabric is treated simi- Where it is desired to larly to that ofExample 1 (a) except that 1 part by weight of a 10% aqueous paste of1.5-dihydroxy-4-methylamino-8 aminoanthraquinone is employed inthe-place of the paste of a-(flhydroxyethyl) -amino-anthraquinone. Thefinishedfabric exhibits a design of delustered blue and lustrous blue.

EXAMPLE 2 (a) A cellulose acetate satin fabric is printed 10- cally withthe following precipitant compositionfrom a large-check object roller: I

Y Parts by weight Tartaric arid 20 7.5% aqueous solution of awater-soluble hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose 10% aqueous paste of a-(fir-hydroxyethyl) aminoanthraquinone 1 The fabric is then dried andprinted with the following pigment composition from a smallcheck coverroller:

Parts by weight 10% aqueous paste of new-hydroxyethyl)-aminoanthraquinone 6.75 Aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxidecontaining 50% titanium dioxide 20 Aqueous albumen containing 50% ofalbumen 15 1% aqueous solution of gum tragon 58.25

The fabric is thereafter dried,', steamed for 6 'minutes at atmosphericpressure, washed to re-- move unfixed titanium dioxide, rinsed anddried. The finished fabric exhibits pink lustrous areas with smallchecks of lustrous red print where the cover roller has fallen on theareasprinted with precipitant composition, to ether with pink delusteredsmall checks on lustrous uncoloured areas where the cover roller hasfallen on areas free from precipitant composition.

EXAMPLE 2 (b) A cellulose acetate satin fabric is treated similarly tothat of Example 2 (a)' except that the following compositions areemployed:

Precipitant composition Parts by weight Tartaric acid 20 7.5% aqueoussolution of a water-soluble hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose 80 aqueouspaste of 1.5-dihydroxy-4- methylamino-8-aminoanthraquinone- 1 Pigmentcomposition Parts by weight 10% aqueous paste of 1.5dihydroxyimethylamino-B-aminoanthraquinone- 1- Aqueous dispersion oftitanium dioxide containing 50% titanium dioxide Aqueous albumencontaining 50% of albumen 15 1% aqueous solution of gum tragon 64 Thefabric exhibits a similar effect to that produced in Example 2 (a)except that light blue and dark blue shades are present in'place of thepink and red respectively,

cover roller has fallen on the areas carrying precipitant composition,together with blue delustered small checks on lustrous uncoloured areaswhere the cover roller has fallen on areas free from precipitantcomposition.

EXAMPLE 2 (d) A cellulose acetate satin fabric is treated similarly tothat of Example 2 (a) using the following precipitant composition:

Parts by weight Tartaric acid 20 7.5% aqueous solution of awater-soluble hydroxyethyl ether of cellulose 80 aqueous paste of2.4-dinitro-4'-aminodiphenylamine 2 and the pigment composition ofExample 2 (b).

The finished fabric exhibits small checks of lustrous green print onyellow lustrous areas where the cover roller has fallen on areascarrying precipitant composition, together with blue delustered smallchecks on lustrous uncoloured areas where the cover roller has fallen onareas free from precipitant composition.

EXAMPLE 3 A cellulose acetate satin fabric is treated similarly to thatof Example 2 (a) using the following precipitant composition:

. Parts by weight Tartaric acid 7.5% aqueous solution of a water-solublehigh viscosity hydroxyethyl ether of cellu- Aqueous albumen containing50% of albumen 20 1% aqueous solution of gum tragon 40 The finishedfabric exhibits small checks of lustrous yellow print on lustrousuncoloured areas where the cover roller has fallen on areas carryingprecipitant composition, together with green delustered small checks onlustrous uncoloured areas where the cover roller has fallen on areasfree from precipitant composition;

EXAMPLE 4 men 20 10% aqueous solution of locust bean thickening 48.5

The fab ric'is thereafter dried, steamed for 30 minutes at atmosphericpressure, washed to re move unfixed'titanium dioxide, rinsed and dried.The fabric exhibits a design of delustered pink and lustrous pink. i

In any of the above examples the order of applying the compositions maybe reversed, it being understood that if the pigment composition isapplied before the precipitant composition the fabric is neither driednor steamed ,between the application of the two compositions. Example5-specifically illustrates this method of carrying out the invention.

printed with the following composition:

Parts by weight Rapidogen Scarlet R 4 Glyecine A 3 Indigosol DeveloperGA. 5 Rapidogen Developer N 12 Titanium dioxide r v 10 Aqueous albumencontaining albumen 15 Starch gum tragon thickening 40 Water 11 Exnlrui 5e A cotton or regenerated cellulose fabric is The fabric is then printedin a design covering part of the original print with a compositioncomprising 20 parts by weight of tartaric acid and parts by weight of a10% aqueous solution of locust bean thickening. The fabric is thereafterdried, steamed for 5-10 minutes at atmospheric pressure, washed toremove unfixed titanium dioxide, soaped, rinsed and dried. The fabricexhibits a design of delustered scarlet and lustrous scarlet.

In the appended claims the expression a coloring agent for the textilematerial is to be understood as meaning a dyestulf which has affinityfor the textile material or a compound which is capable of being readilyconverted into such a dyestuff on the textile'material.

The accompanying drawing illustrates the, steps making up the process ofthe present invention. Figure 1 illustrates a method of producing alarge printed design, on only the colored parts of which is superimposeda small contrasting design; it thus illustrates the methods of Examples1a, 1b and 4. Figure 2 illustrates the production of designs by themethods of Examples' 2a, 2b, 2c' and 2d. Figure'3 illustrates theproduction of designs according'to the method of Example 3. 4

Figure 1a represents fabric after the first step in which a precipitantcomposition is applied by printingas a small design over the whole ofthe fabric, areas 4 (diagonally ruled) being covered by the composition;Figure 1b represents the fabric after the step in which an albumencomposition containing a dyestufl and a delustering pigment is appliedin a large design to cover areas 5 (vertically ruled) and Figure 1crepresents the finished fabric, after steaming and washing, where thelarge design of colored and delustered areas 6 (vertically ruled withcontinuous and with broken lines) stands out on a back ground of plainfabric and carries the small design of similarly'colored non-delusteredareas 1 (vertically ruled with continuous lines only).

Figure 2a represents fabric after the first step in which a precipitantcomposition containing a dyestufi is applied in a large design covering,areas 8 (diagonally ruled from lower left to upper right); Figure 2brepresents, the fabric after the step in which an albumen compositioncontaining a dyestufi and a delustering pigment is applied in a smalldesign over the whole of the fabric, covering areas 9 (diagonally ruledfrom upper left to lower right); and Figure 2c represents the fabric.after Steaming and washing where the large design consists ofnondelustered areas I consisting ofsmall design areas ll (solid black)colored by the Joint action of the dyestufl of both compositions, in afield l2 (diagonally ruled with continuous lines only) colored only bythe dyestuif of the precipitant composition, and the background i 3consists of plain fabric carrying the small design as delustered areas I(diagonally ruled with continuous and with broken lines) colored only bythe dyestuif of the albumen composition.

Figure 3a represents a fabric after the first step in which aprecipitant composition is applied in a large design, covering areas I 5(diagonally ruled from lower left to upper right); Figure 3b representsthe fabric after the step of applying an albumen composition containinga dyestufi, a

colored pigment and a delustering pigment in a small design, over thewhole of the fabric, covering areas I6 (diagonally ruled from upper leftto lower right); and Figure 3c represents the fabric after steaming andwashing, where the large design consists ofareas ll consisting ofnon-delustered small design areas l'8 (diagonally ruled with continuouslines only), colored only by the dyestuff, in a field .of plain fabric,and the background i9 consists of plain fabric carry ing delusteredsmall design areas 20 (diagonally ruled with continuous and brokenlines), colored by the jointaction of the dyestuif and the coloredpigment.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

1. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either order, oflocally applying to a textile material a substance which willprecipitate albumen and applying to the textile material a compositioncontaining albumen, a pigment and a coloring agent for the textilematerial the design in which the pigment composition is applied in partoverlapping that in which the precipitant is applied, and thereafterfixing the albumen on at least partof those portions of the textilematerial to which the precipitant for albumen was not applied.

2. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises applying to a textile material acomposition containing albumen and a pigment, then 10- 1 cally applyingto the textile material a substance which will precipitate the albumenthe design in which the pigment composition is applied in partoverlapping that in which the precipitant is applied, and thereafterfixing the albumen on at least part of those portions of the textilematerial to which the precipitant for albumen was not applied.

3. Process forthe production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials having a basis of a cellulose derivative, whichcomprises the operations, in either order, of locally applying to thetextile material glsubstance which will precipitate albumen and applyingto the textile material a composition containing albumen, a pigment anda coloring agent for the textile material the design in which thepigment composition is applied in part overlapping that in which thealbumen on at least part of those portions of the textile material towhich the precipitant for albumen was not applied.

4. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either order, oflocally printing on a textile material a substance which willprecipitate albumen and printing on the textile material a compositioncontaining albumen, a pigment and a coloring agent for the textilematerial, the design in which the pigment composition is applied beingdiiferent from and in part overlapping that in which the precipitant isapplied, and thereafter heating the materials so as to fix the albumenon at least part of those portions of the textile material to which theprecipitant for albumen was not applied.

5. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either order, oflocally applying to a textile material a substance which willprecipitate albumen and applying to the textile material a compositioncontaining albumen, a pigment and a coloring agent for the textilematerial the design in which the pigment composition is applied in partoverlapping that in which the precipitant is applied, and thereaftersteaming the material under a pressure which is at least as great asatmospheric pressure so as to fix the albumen on at least part of thoseportions of the textile material to which the precipitant for albumenwas not applied.

6. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises applying to a textile material acomposition containing albumen and a pigment, then locally applying tothe textile material a substance which will precipitate the albumen thedesign in which the pigment composition is applied in part. overlappingthat in which the precipitant is applied, and thereafter steaming thematerial under a pressure which is at least as great as atmosphericpressure so as to fix the albumen on at least part of those portions ofthe textile material to which the precipitant for al.- bumen was notapplied.

7. Process for the production of efiects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either order, oflocally applying tartaric acid to a textile material, and

applying to the textile material a composition .the pigmentcompositionis applied in part overlapping that in which tartaric. acid is applied,and thereafter fixing the albumen on at least part of those portions .ofthe textile material to which the tartaric acid was not applied.

8. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either order, oflocally printing on a textile material a thickened solution of asubstance which will precipitate albumen and printing on the textilematerial a composition containing albumen, a pigment and a coloringagent for the textile material, the design in .which the pigmentcomposition is applied being different from and in part overlapping thatin which the precipitant is applied, and thereafter fixing the albumenon at least part of those portions of the textile material to which theprecipitant for albumen was not applied.

9. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either'order,of-locally in which the precipitant is applied, and therev after fixingthe albumen on at least part of those portions of the textile materialto which the precipitant for albumen was not applied.

10. Process for the production of effects on textile fabrics or othertextile materials, which comprises the operations, in either order, oflocally applying to a textile material a composition comprising both asubstance which will precipitate albumen and a dyestufl having aflinityfor the textile material, and applying to the textile material acomposition containing albumen, a pigment and a coloring agent for thetextile material the design in which the pigment com-' position isapplied in part overlapping that in which the precipitant is applied,and thereafter fixing the albumen on at least part of those portions ofthe textile material to which the precipitant for albumen was notapplied.

JAMES ARTHUR WAIN'WRIGHT. JOHN ALLAN.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. Patent No. 2,219,069. I July 1 19m.

JAMES ARTHUR WAINWRIGHT, ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above mmbered patentrequiring correction as follows: Page 5,first column, line LIZ, in the table, for i 1% aqueous solution of gumtragon 1+0" read. "1% aqueous solution of gum trag'on L47; and that thesaid Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that thesame mayconiorm to the record of the case inthe Patent Office. Signedand sealed this lZthday of August, A. D. 1914.1.

Henry Van Arsdale, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

